Melt butter in a large dutch oven over medium-high heat. Season the roast with salt, pepper, and garlic powder, then sear each side until golden brown (about 3-4 minutes per side). Remove from pot.
Pour red wine vinegar into the pot, scraping up any brown bits with a wooden spoon.
Add beef broth, tomato sauce, and Worcestershire sauce. Whisk together, then add the bay leaf, rosemary, and thyme.
Return the roast to the dutch oven. Layer quartered potatoes, chopped onions, carrots, and whole garlic cloves on top.
Cover with a tight-fitting lid and place in the oven. Do not open the lid during cooking. Bake for 8 hours.
Remove from the oven and discard the bay leaf. Serve the pot roast with the vegetables and spoon some of the flavorful gravy over the top.
Notes
Storage Tip: Store leftover pot roast in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 3 days or freeze for up to 3 months.